A resilient economy depends on keeping essential services running and helping employers fill positions where there is not enough domestic talent. A federal backgrounder tied to Budget 2025 outlines an International Talent Attraction Strategy that uses targeted selection to address labour gaps while keeping overall intake within the 2026 to 2028 Immigration Levels Plan. The department also confirmed that the total number of invitations to apply will remain inside that plan’s targets, meaning new categories are a reshuffling of priorities rather than an expansion of overall invitations.
2026 Express Entry categories and what is changing
Express Entry is the online application management system for skilled permanent residence pathways, including:
- Canadian Experience Class
- Federal Skilled Worker Program
- Federal Skilled Trades Program
Category-based rounds of invitations allow the department to invite candidates who match specific labour market needs. For 2026, the newly announced categories are focused on candidates who can contribute quickly, especially those with in-country experience in highly specialized roles. New categories for 2026 include:
1. Medical doctors with Canadian work experience
| NOC Code | Job Title |
|---|---|
| 31100 | Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine |
| 31101 | Specialists in surgery |
| 31102 | General practitioners and family physicians |
2. Researchers with Canadian work experience
| NOC Code | Job Title |
|---|---|
| 41200 | University professors and lecturers |
| 41201 | Post-secondary teaching and research assistants |
3. Senior managers with Canadian work experience
| NOC Code | Job Title |
|---|---|
| 00012 | Senior managers - financial, communications and other business services |
| 00013 | Senior managers - health, education, social and community services and membership organizations |
| 00014 | Senior managers - trade, broadcasting and other services |
| 00015 | Senior managers - construction, transportation, production and utilities |
4. Transport occupations
| NOC Code | Job Title |
|---|---|
| 22313 | Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians and inspectors |
| 72404 | Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors |
| 72410 | Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers |
| 72600 | Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors |
5. Skilled military recruits who have a job offer from the national armed forces
| NOC Code | Job Title |
|---|---|
| 40042 | Commissioned officers of the Canadian Armed Forces |
| 42102 | Specialized members of the Canadian Armed Forces |
| 43204 | Operations members of the Canadian Armed Forces |
Renewed categories include:
- French-language proficiency
- Health care and social services occupations
- Education occupations
- Science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) occupations
- Trade occupations
A major change applies to all renewed categories: the minimum required work experience has increased from six months to one year in an eligible occupation. That experience can be gained in-country or abroad, but it must fall within the previous three years. In practice, this narrows the pool to candidates with more sustained, recent experience, which is often correlated with faster licensing progress, stronger job retention, and better settlement outcomes.
The department also signaled operational timing: the first invitation round for foreign medical doctors with Canadian work experience is expected in the coming days, while Canadian Experience Class draws continued through early 2026, alongside French-proficiency category draws.
Eligibility requirements and how to apply under category-based selection
Category-based selection does not replace Express Entry’s core rules. Candidates must still qualify under at least one of the Express Entry-managed programs, then also meet the category criteria when that category is invited.
Common requirements to plan for include:
- Create an Express Entry profile and be found eligible under one of the three managed programs
- Meet the category criteria when a category-based round occurs (occupation and work experience match)
- Demonstrate skilled work experience that meets program rules and, for renewed categories, at least one year of eligible experience within the past three years
- Provide language test results (English and or French, depending on the program and category)
- Provide education credentials (and an assessment if education was completed outside the country, where required)
- Provide police certificates and pass medical screening
- Show proof of funds where applicable (commonly required for the Federal Skilled Worker Program, but not typically for Canadian Experience Class)
For French-proficiency selection, the department emphasized that Express Entry is the primary source of admissions of French-speaking permanent residents outside one province. The practical effect is that French-proficient candidates who also meet skilled program requirements may be invited even when their Comprehensive Ranking System score is not among the highest in general rounds, depending on the category draw cutoffs.
From a policy perspective, this approach also follows an evidence-based model: some categories respond directly to long-term shortages identified through occupational projections, while others aim to drive growth in specialized and emerging sectors. The department stated that provinces and territories are engaged, and stakeholders such as employers, unions, settlement providers, and researchers are consulted before categories are established.
Labour market impact, key numbers, and what applicants should do now
The department highlighted a central economic reality: immigration accounts for almost 100% of labour force growth, making selection design a high-impact lever for keeping services and industries functioning. The 2026 category design points to two themes.
First, the system is tilting toward verified, recent experience. Moving from six months to one year for renewed categories is likely to reduce short-duration or transitional work experience being used to qualify, especially in occupations where employers want proven continuity. This is also expected to affect candidates with mixed part-time histories or those who changed occupations recently. An immigration consultant perspective is that stronger alignment between claimed duties and the official occupational description will matter even more, because one-year thresholds increase scrutiny on whether the experience was continuous, eligible, and properly documented.
Second, the emphasis on in-country experience for medical doctors, researchers, and senior managers signals preference for candidates already integrated into local workplaces and regulatory environments. That tends to reduce settlement risk, but it also means applicants should treat reference letters, pay records, and job descriptions as mission-critical evidence, not an afterthought.
Current difficulties include fast-moving draw criteria, tighter work-experience rules, and higher documentation standards that can lead to refusals when letters, duties, or timelines do not match program requirements. Support can include eligibility planning, evidence review, and representation to prepare and submit strong permanent residence applications through an immigration consultant.
